The barrel's staves are fire-bent and are burned out from the inside with varying degrees of intensity (gentle, mild,  strong etc). For all our barrels we are using only traditional metode tosting over an open fire, and when pliable are bent into the shape of the desired barrel and held together with iron rings. Instead of fire, a cooper may use steam to heat up the staves but this tends to impart less "toastiness" and complexity to the resulting wine.

For manufactory our 50 litres wine barrels We are using the highest quality East European White Oak (Quercus robur). As this type of oak tree grows in cold climate yearly growth in the wooden channels, is very thin that makes wood grain very tight. A tight grain means the wood is less porous, and therefore is more likely to make a watertight product.